evaluating reconstruction quizlet

President Johnsons view of African Americans was: That they should be granted equal rights to whites, including voting rights, That they should be granted equal rights to whites, but not voting rights, That they should not be granted equal rights to whites. many had borrowed form the merchants who forclosed on them when they could not pay. Established the concepts of birthright citizenship (anyone born within U.S. boundaries or territories subject to the jurisdiction of U.S. law was automatically a U.S. citizen, excluding Indians) and equal protection of the law. the South divided into 5 military districts, How did the Compromise of 1877 effectively end Reconstruction? Worked a piece of land for a fixed share of the crop. Economic Growth and Development 18151860, Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends. `cw]}{(ugeFo, +mKk.]{g~S^NWs0znS`~Zm%,Kw~vBY5_oLx|? The sharecropping model left many tenant farmers in such dire straits that it was nearly impossible to break free from their economic shackles. It required a majority of voters in each Confederate state to swear their allegiance to the US before rejoining the Union, It prohibited Confederate officials and military leaders from voting or holding office. This show of weakness seemed to set the tone for Grants administration (1869-77) which, though it seemed to offer some promise to restore order and sanity to the South, actually accomplished very little in this realm. Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that each state rewrite its state constitution to allow for black male voting rights before readmittance into the Union. The organization put in place after the Civil War to provide schools in the South was known as: answer choices The Civil Rights Committee In part, Grants administration suffered because of some real and some exaggerated charges of corruptionmost of which did not directly involve Grant but tarnished him nonetheless. There were many reasons for the unpopularity of Congressional Reconstruction in the South. After reading their assigned document, students should answer the document questions on their worksheet and then proceed to the interactive to answer those questions. 109 0 obj <> endobj Write a short essay on how social contexts surrounding a person can contribute to his or her upbringing, beliefs and overall quality of life. Po^dl=X7K1*,@~]^[ #Uh"d It was known as the 10% Plan. African American males would not have the right to vote until the Fourteenth Amendment was passed. Compare Allende's description of the contrast between rich and poor in Latin America with Gordimer's depiction of the contrast between rich and poor in Latin America with Gordimer's depiction of the narrator and Petrus in "Six Feet of the Country". How did the WadeDavis Bill deal with the issues of Reconstruction? It helped maintain schools for black kids and insured fairness of labor contracting. WebThe Emancipation Proclamation had freed only those enslaved in rebellious states, leaving many enslaved peoplemost notably, those in the border statesin bondage; furthermore, it did not alter or prohibit the institution of slavery in general. Andrew Johnson. If the teachers students have little experience evaluating primary source documents, there are several websites that include activities to help students develop these skills. WebWhat is Reconstruction? Compose a two-page essay explaining the ways in which the effects of Reconstruction may continue to affect our politics today. This amendment prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" (slavery). The passage of the 14th Amendment and Civil Rights legislation were great victories for the advocates of equality under the law. It was signed into law by President Andrew Johnson. Radical Republicans thought it was letting the South off too easily. Laws passed by the South during Presidential Reconstruction that regulated the lives of freed slaves. At the end of this lesson, each student should demonstrate his or her proficiency by doing one of the following: 1. Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Our Brother in Black: His Freedom and Our Future, 1881, William Robert Houghton, Two Boys in the Civil War and After, An AutobiographyA Southern Colored Woman, Lesson 1: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Aftermath of War, Lesson 2: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Politics of Reconstruction, The Battle Over Reconstruction: Southern Recovery. It abolished slavery in the United States. How did the Amnesty Act of 1872 change Southern politics? In actuality carpetbaggers were people who came down from the North to help freedmen and poor whites through the Freedmen's Bureau. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union. ;R5p c-Ncc:ey].Ai4d1]'M-azo!/,'Kx5,:aC;C .Qhg African Americans began to be elected to federal, state, and local governmental posts. 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These conditions made it quite difficult for the Republican Party to get much of a foothold in the South among any except black voters and those who had relocated from the North. hb```b``Vd`f``fc@ >3G#C \5lb`(q.UrA) g``0PZTQH1;kz7/2FI1iMF>C20Jin83lFy6W iB5; bookmarked pages associated with this title. The first federal immigration restrictions were passed during this time. kcP`?=xI87eC{+Fj*?ya How did John Wilkes Booth affect Reconstruction? a white Southerner who collaborated with northern Republicans during Reconstruction, often for personal profit. They were codes or rules created by southerners after the Civil War to restrict the new rights and freedoms of African American in the south. What was the Freedmen's Bureau? The impact of scandal on the national political debate was real. It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been recalled from the South. Johnson, a Democrat, had little control over Reconstruction policy due to the Republican control of Congress. The vote in the Senate was thirtyfive to nineteen in favor of conviction, one short of the necessary twothirds majority. In many ways, we continue these struggles in our politics today. 132 0 obj <>stream Teachers may wish to have students read several of the following, which illustrate the tension and uncertainty that existed along with the joy of liberty: Students might then be asked to examine the painting A Visit from the Old Mistress from the EDSITEment-reviewed site Africans in America. When the groups have completed their worksheets and concluded their discussion, the teacher, as Committee chairman, should lead the groups in brief presentations to the class (the Congressional Committee) highlighting their findings. Congress passed the Thirteenth Amendment in January 1865, formally outlawing slavery in the United States. To help African Americans, particularly those who had been enslaved, adjust to life with increased rights and responsibilities, To ensure that white voters supported anti-slavery laws and policies. he was lincoln's vice president and a southern democrat. He pushed for the establishment of the Department of Justice in 1870, which was tasked with investigating acts of violence against African Americans. Many Southerners were scared of rebellion. endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>stream WebOne of the main goals of Military Reconstruction was to ensure that voting rights were granted to African American men. More recent interpretations, however, offer a broader timeline for Reconstruction. `a{/uXZO`qf\ v-Nf. Fear of black rule. How did many Southern states work around the voting rights guaranteed in the Fifteenth Amendment? follow the worksheet and think about how this person would feel about Reconstruction. Weighted against growth in the North, the South fared poorer by all economic gauges. What lesson did the Republicans learn from Grant's slim victory? For all groups: The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, Group A: Excerpt from Frederick Douglass, Address to the Massachusetts Antislavery Society, April 1865, Group B: Letter from President Ulysses S. Grant to the Hon. But in his first showdown with Congress upon being elected, Grant backed down and accepted a compromise proposal with the Senate even after the House had voted to join him in his opposition to the Act. beOai4sA 'aKjlNa )u1d[I{4{[ @vKZtQUGm1)V8'. How did the results of Reconstruction policy shape the politics of the reconstructed states and the nation at large? He told the southern states to reject it. Again, there were many reasons for the poor government in the South, including violence and sabotage from groups like the Ku Klux Klan and the racial animosity that inspired them, a general unwillingness to accept the political and social implications of equality under the law, and a lingering deep resistance to the idea of the supremacy of the Constitution and Union to state and local authority in matters of national significance. What was Johnson's plan for Reconstruction? Who did the states and congress give free land to? many became sharecroppers. What was President Johnsons role in the period of Radical Reconstruction that took place in 1867 and 1868? Turn in their completed worksheets from Activities 1 and 2 for a grade. Based on the documents reviewed in this lesson, list some of the leading and competing political interests in the South as Reconstruction was drawing to a close. a person from the northern states who went to the South after the Civil War to profit from the Reconstruction. For the most part, women were unsuccessful in their own fight for voting rights. Yes, two from Mississippi. Essentially repudiating the 1857 Dred Scott decision, the amendment clearly states that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. It provides for due process and equal protection under the law. Did it accomplish anything? Why of why not? Grant won the 1868 presidential election by a landslide in the Electoral College, but only won the popular vote by 300,000 ballots. %%EOF While there were some improvements in African American life in the post-war South, many whites were reluctant to abandon their racist attitudes and biased practices. Select all that apply. During Reconstruction, Johnson did not believe there was anything to be gained by promoting equal rights for African Americans. Who became president when Lincoln was assassinated? 2. one of the closest races in American history. At every step, Congress intervened and put laws in place that circumvented and, in some cases, limited the Presidents authority. D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carolina, Excerpt from Carl Schurz, speech in the Senate, Rutherford B. Hayes, letter of acceptance of the nomination for the Presidency, Excerpt from the testimony of Henry Blake, 1937. To the north, it looked like slavery in a new form. y@bi(^k^izu#(fN@)Z4x[wN)Gd\JvWma:M;:*BL5;Sh`2lM^YQ2k(!W7.W)J0>krA"eXk+n R/B.zuu7' ]apJ|_wv^k| +^|B`:H$wlEnT*8@0vX{[rm6FoN,iE?FF/mh@u'Q{$]pJn07a8Y9U-A/, S7GYjkQUKC2"qxLa=23P21 |0Cm)r PS)et%.H e' [6O;},DLJ ^;4Orqb.:)O.FXl-%}ZXMHlxixt0CM@)Ymr3xQwv_D&?Qe2}=4#r"A: %QHW)/7+ "IG List the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. The Civil Rights Act of 1866, which granted blacks born in the United States the same rights as white citizens, also became law (in April) over the president's objection. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional While many of the efforts at reconstruction were legitimate and well-intentioned, a good number were not. What did the 15th Amendment accomplish ? Johnson and Secretary of War Edwin Stanton were bitter enemies, and the president wanted to get rid of him. (Ge,YAjB%f~&L uG0Bqw4$VFF[RN ;J_:;`' What was the purpose of the military Reconstruction Act quizlet? The Military Reconstruction Act stated that remaining Confederate states that had not been reconstructed would be divided into five military districts and put under martial law. State governments set up under Johnsons Reconstruction plan were deemed illegal and new governments were to be formed. For more detailed information on the process of Reconstruction, the teacher is encouraged to visit America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War; for a timeline of major events of Reconstruction during the war itself, of particular use is Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation. The great political battles of the era were full of interesting reflections and assertions about the nature and purpose of America and American government. 35(VgS[Ywhhyy]^TTrni9j8m^!^ H` It prohibited state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of slavery. ]~ys6i`>lp=xY9'X\eQS%'#H 'Id~ti+i0q>?5 xL*m18&) B:17R#Y#>\ endstream endobj 415 0 obj <>/Metadata 42 0 R/OCProperties<>/OCGs[423 0 R]>>/Outlines 67 0 R/PageLabels 408 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 410 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/StructTreeRoot 70 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 416 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC/ImageI]/Properties<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 417 0 obj <>stream still conservative Republicans. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. In early 1866, Congressional Republicans, appalled by mass killing of ex-slaves and adoption of restrictive black codes, seized control of Reconstruction from President Johnson. Did black legislatures outnumber whites in any state legislatures? What happened to white small farmers during this time? They gave land to the railroads. Use information gathered from the interactive maps to inform their understanding of the political, social, and economic problems confronting the nation in the wake of Reconstruction. CONTEXT: In the imaginary land of Wakanda, established landowners keep their power by maintaining private armies. no, although many blacks stopped participating. Use the following abbreviations: DO for direct object, PN for predicate nominative, OC for objective complement, IO for indirect object, or PA for predicate adjective. Segregation laws would sunset and have to be repealed within the next 20 years. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. The reconstruction period had its successes and failures. Exclusion of the last group reflected Johnson's hatred of the planter aristocracy rather than some condition that had to do with restoring the former Confederate states. Segregation was legal, as long as the notion of separate but equal was being followed. "waving the bloody shirt" reminded the voters of Grant's war victory. 414 0 obj <> endobj While this lesson will not provide answers for all of these questions, the hope is that it will point students in the direction of seeking out such answers with the documents and the interactive provided and formulating their own similar kinds of questions. Prior to his election Congress had already passed, among other legislative acts: Guaranteed protection for all U.S. citizens, regardless of color, to "to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains, penalties, taxes, licenses, and exactions of every kind." hbbd``b`"|c4`@@Hd100Kg0` Northern Democrats who moved into former Confederate-controlled states with the intention of upsetting Radical Reconstruction plans. Despite the passage of progressive new laws, racist attitudes prevented open access to employment, education, voting, and protection against violence. Write the letter of the choice that gives the sentence a meaning that is closest to the original sentence. Tradesmen hoping to take advantage of the vast number of construction contracts being offered to rebuild the war-torn South. ~~C9;9owSQ?C ` N- Which plan was the hardest on the South? Many Native American tribes were stripped of their lands, moved onto reservations, forced into an assimilation program not of their choosing, and in some cases massacred by settlers and/or the U.S. Army. Webshark diving captions; how old is linda olsen global news calgary; commercial property for lease manatee county; woah oh oh oh ohhh song 80s Take sample from your personal experience. #;ou20/. The Compromise of 1877 gave the South and its Democratic majority the reigns to carry out social and legal reforms as they saw fit without federal interference or oversight. from your Reading List will also remove any After completing both sections of the worksheet, the group should discuss what they have learned about their topic through the interactive and the document. Under the Constitution, the House of Representatives acts as a grand jury in impeachment cases and determines whether there is enough evidence to bring an official to trial. Lincoln: The states should be reintegrated into the Union when ten percent WebWhat is Reconstruction? It gave women the right to vote in the United States. Once each convention's elections were held for governor, state legislators, and members of Congress, the states would be readmitted to the Union. The teacher may also wish to visit the two EDSITEment-reviewed websites mentioned above for additional background material concerning reconstruction: America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War and Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation. The Jim Crow era replaced Reconstruction and ushered in a new era of racial segregation, violence, and murder well into the twentieth century. Congress was divided among Radical, Moderate, and Conservative Republicans and Democrats. Jabir ibn Hayyan replaced the.. of a misinformed philosophy with the rigors of objective experimentation. Similarly, there were those in the South who turned their bitterness at losing the war into a default position of hostility to all efforts to move forward. Which class in the New South had recovered political power from the carpetbaggers? What was the purpose behind the Black Codes? hWO0Gx`*Bi1 `ZS"%;;NS5J;|@@hHx4&"A $ #p H}AxChDGOB(9S,vcs:JI]V]WywIO{{AS !^}8;]:yNc0v*4Xqa`p k5 z2 9&+cr'~ IOV~=GHB:'*kXa=9r^baYz/1ag7F:,Ww AF;{zVV5S-l/"NZ|'Ol,U#dmCUGe^eE?Ze\mLFMeSZ`E#`jcj~Qm|V$vN81t~~b2[_\$#'b*$]t# 0 WebReconstruction Question 6 900 seconds Q. A large number of Republican lawmakers regained seats in Southern state governments, but chose to abandon Reconstruction reforms. Things began to change socially, politically, and economically. When did reconstruction begin? Reconstruction lasted from the Civil War to 1877. During Civil War they had "rehearsals" for reconstruction in the Union-occupied south. Idea of black people being free began during the Civil War. Previous The historians aim is to write the first comprehensive history of the period. Ulysses S. Grant was confronted with these momentous questions upon his election to the presidency in 1868. State conventions, elected by universal male suffrage, were to draw up new constitutions, which had to give blacks the right to vote and had to be approved by Congress. the amendment stating that all people born in the US have the same rights and are all born equal under the law. [c5vk~a5T?, P[oFVB-"X7/S{+} 2b(RG,}ti\ hVKo@+{l>[" mD1j*E9Uvwf]R0p#\hXbX@" kB" z5:w[*aUwiD2[Av4ft?eSdMN'Vm'yl9/fh-5E"$tXM_=?)[1ZX&/rW-]gK@0Xmzf7+U-"jE1ENM|:2!US.N,'(g({e]a]X`6K(R(:eFF| hwAocF@s00Zm/~;?VJoI(s` }L 6k'pU]sT@VY&Cv; XH8FgCL=rM5Ax6Kv$8u#+8>&`v ? After 10% of a states voters signed a loyalty oath to the Union and the Constitution and abolished slavery, it could hold elections and vote and would be granted a full pardon and readmitted to the Union. What was the purpose of the Black Codes which were enacted in Southern states in 1865 and 1866? &!O3bsJ!WK^86QP91IDY LcB=G[s^P`~`AB)Pd~yfOqbS(ox2GWb{quG9sX }Lg U[* Ex. Alexander Stephens. C04I!q^Q);i])G~H.HdRYBBYRi8,i 7P.,NPI 2. A Democrat and the only senator from the South who remained loyal to the Union, Johnson at first seemed ready to take a hard line against the former Confederacy. What happened to black The Southerners saw the Freedmen's Bureau as an organization giving free food to freedmen but never requiring them to work, making them lazy. TQSCQIf@*$ Republicans were in control of both the House and Senate, and they gave a ringing endorsement to the amendment and congressional, not presidential, Reconstruction. %PDF-1.5 % Sharecropping. 0. Sharecropping practices kept many African Americans in working conditions that werent a significant improvement over slavery. The worksheet provided in the Text Document for Activity 1 asks two sets of questions: one set relates to the document, and the other relates to the corresponding section of the interactive. One thing students might consider, for example, is how the devastation of war and the slow pace of efforts to recover from that devastation kept the South in a subordinate economic position in comparison to the faster growing cities of the North. endstream endobj 114 0 obj <>stream E&GvBQ"RYP F2;~}i,v K_)DR zdh[_/P&ME *8-pmw(j7Qjcmj9~::$x}v8@;aZwO,qo To reinstate slavery in parts of the United States, To fix damage done to buildings during the war, To rebuild the southern economy and society. The thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendment were created during the twelve years of rebuilding the country. Did Congress do anything about white violence? Locate the vocabulary word gesticulation in the text. Instead, Johnson focused primarily on putting Union-loyal white leaders in place in Southern statehouses. To provide African Americans access to government services, To desegregate Southern society and institutions, To restrict the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force, To repeal the slave codes that were in place before the war. In fact, African Americans took part in all the conventions and made up the majority of delegates in South Carolina. What did the Black Codes indicate to the North? View Screenshot 2023-03-01 at 8.13.38 PM.png from SOCIAL STUDIES 58557 at Mt Zion High School. The Freedmen's Bureau was designed to help blacks and poor whites by providing cloths, food, and education. The teacher will also want to discuss the vernacular and odd spellings that occasionally come through in diary entries and interviews with ordinary citizens and ex-slaves. Print out all material from the Text Documents, and make the appropriate number of copies for the students. 20F_B[G S`F>6~hf( What terms did the Reconstruction Act of 1867 put in place for the Southern states who had not yet ratified the Fourteenth Amendment? The Civil Rights Act of 1866 guaranteed African Americans in Johnson versus Congress. What paragraph clues help you determine the possible meaning of the word? Over the next two years, partially due to the help of newly enfranchised African American male voters, all ten states complied with the Reconstruction Acts mandates. HUMO@W o%T@EBQ6P}wwIJ/$7~\]1U 7d9c$y_M)8L%D/*rTPg2QL(Ies>U,;1Q8U#91 EbS gave blacks equal access to public accommodations Did Congress like the 10% Plan? Where did most black Americans live in 1900? CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're studying, CliffsNotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. By allowing the former Confederates to reenter the political arena, Republicans faced an uphill battle against the surge in Democratic support and voter-suppression tactics aimed at Republicans and African Americans. endstream endobj 116 0 obj <>stream The KKK wanted to move power in government back to the Democratic Party. Also, this page requires javascript. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 defined citizenship and affirmed that all citizens are equally protected by the law. blacks could vote and hold office. They were more familiar with the places where most battles occured. In this paper we utilize saliency maps to evaluate whether this correlation exists. It required former Confederate states to include a ban on slavery in their state constitutions. But charges of corruption were not limited to Grants administration. WebThe reconstruction approach they preferred was embodied in the WadeDavis bill (July 1864), which called for the establishment of a military government in each state and required at least fifty percent of the eligible voters to swear allegiance to the United States. In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President. Which group was still not aloud to vote? It required that 50 percent of a state's voters take the oath of allegiance and demanded stronger safeguards for emancipation than Lincoln's as the price of readmission. What synonym clue shows up in the next paragraph? (southern Democrats). Lincoln "pocket-vetoed" this bill by refusing to sign it after Congress had adjourned. Many went to work in the mills. Communities would combine their farms yields to ensure everyone had enough food. Finally, History Matters offers helpful pages on "Making Sense of Maps.". Was corruption now any less? Despite these violations of both the letter and spirit of his program, the president announced that Reconstruction was complete in December 1865. and any corresponding bookmarks? A bill was introduced in February 1866 to reauthorize the oneyearold Freedmen's Bureau and allow it to try in military courts persons accused of depriving former slaves of their rights. All of the amendments were made to protect former slaves and their rights but on paper they did not have any rights. The Black Codes included tactics like fines, arrests, and kidnapping to force African Americans back into bondage working on Southern farms without, technically, enslaving them. Why was the Battle of Midway a turning point in the war in the Pacific? until early 1900's they still mostly lived in the south. There were also a number of members in Congress who were involved in the Crdit Mobilier scandal, which involved the Union Pacific Railroad and federal contracts for the first Transcontinental Railroad. If you leave this page, your progress will be lost. endstream endobj 119 0 obj <>stream Granted citizenship, due process, and equal protection under the law. Demonstrate their ability to navigate through a statistical map interactive. This represented the reversal of that portion of the Dred Scott decision which ruled that black people were not and could not become citizens of the United States or enjoy any of the privileges and immunities of citizenship. they wre industrialists and bankers. Reconstruction Era National Historic Park in Beaufort, South Carolina defines Reconstruction as having started in 1861 (the beginning of the American Civil War) and lasting until the early twentieth century. >YpVE$r#]Y@ -7}bKfl[83 A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union What were the problems

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evaluating reconstruction quizlet

evaluating reconstruction quizlet