rtk query mutation example

updateQueryData uses Immer, so you can "mutate" the drafted cache data the same way you would in createSlice. While you may not need all of these options right away, they provide flexibility and key capabilities to help implement specific application behaviors. There are several ways to handle authentication with RTK Query. In June 2021, Redux Toolkit introduced a powerful tool for data fetching and caching called RTK Query. In the example from https://redux-toolkit.js.org/rtk-query/usage/examples#using-extrareducers a extraReducer in autSlice.ts that is called when the login mutation in services/auth.js is intially called with credentials of Type LoginRequest as its action.payload. This can also be useful for creating composed selectors or selectors that compute data (e.g with reslect). The matchNotificationsReceived matcher function will return true if the current action matches either of those types. Once that's added, we can update the . Our selectFromResult callback receives the result object containing the original request metadata and the data from the server, and should return some extracted or derived values. For example, filter state, search term, toggle state, pagination state, etc. You can look at the examples from this repository. We've still got a couple bits of code that reference postsSlice, so we can't quite remove that yet - we'll get to that shortly. It's important to understand that RTK Query uses a "document cache" approach, not a "normalized cache". For a small update like adding a reaction, we probably don't need to re-fetch the entire list of posts. Mutation endpoints may also modify the response contents before the result is cached, define "tags" to identify cache invalidation, and provide cache entry lifecycle callbacks to run additional logic as cache entries are added and removed. We'll uncomment the usersAdapter lines we originally had, and use its update functions and selectors again. Typically, the usage pattern is: Our mock Websocket server file exposes a forceGenerateNotifications method to mimic pushing data out to the client. - https://youtu.be/qNjNn9BCWCcLearn React Redux Thunk with Project - https://youtu.be/JDZRfLGNWdcLearn React Hooks - https://youtu.be/hJ5UEtdS8qE Social Medias Twitter: https://twitter.com/IMDmalviaFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/programmingwithdipeshInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/dipeshmalviaLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dmalvia/ Tags - Learn Redux RTK Query- Redux Toolkit RTK Query Overview - RTK Query for beginners- Mutations in RTK Query- How to use Redux RTK Query Auto-fetching Hashtags #react #redux #toolkit #RTK #dipeshmalvia #tutorialDisclaimer:It doesn't feel good to have a disclaimer in every video but this is how the world is right now. In the previous example, we just asked for the name of our hero which returned a String, but fields can also refer to Objects. Step 5: Testing. features/notifications/notificationsSlice.js, features/notifications/NotificationsList.js. Note: The example shows my take on how those tests should be written in regard to what to test, what to mock, and how much code reusability to introduce. The correct user names should appear in each displayed post, and in the dropdown in the . RTK Query deliberately does not implement a cache that would deduplicate identical items across multiple requests. Take note of the act statement used in the mutation tests. RTK Query provides an option to share results across mutation hook instances using the fixedCacheKey option. Since we've already seen how to use the RTK Query hooks for fetching and reading data, for this section we're going to try a different approach. For any server data caching in the client, we should only use RTKQs API slice reducer and refrain from holding server data elsewhere (otherwise, we will need to sync its state manually in case of updates/mutations). We already know that we need to refetch this post in order to see any of the data change on the client, so we can invalidate this specific Post entry based on its ID. We've now seen three different ways that we can manage transforming responses: Each of these approaches can be useful in different situations. We declared that the getPosts query endpoint provides a 'Post' tag, and that the addNewPost mutation endpoint invalidates that same 'Post' tag. We want to run the same "add read/new metadata" logic for both the "fulfilled getNotifications" action and the "received from Websocket" action. // the query result object for a query with those parameters. getPosts and getUsers both expect the server to return an array, and getPost expects the individual Post object as the body. Try refreshing the page and clicking through the posts list and single post view. bezkoder provides an example of CRUD operations on the client side (using createAsyncThunk and createSlice functions of Redux Toolkit and On my api I have two mutations and strangely, one of them does trigger the refetch but the other doesn't and I have no clue why. rtk query optimistic update. Uh-oh. In Part 6: Performance and Normalization, we discussed reasons why it's useful to store data in a normalized structure. See Advanced Invalidation with abstract tag IDs for details on advanced invalidation handling with RTK Query. // Triggering `updatePostOne` will affect the result in this component, // but not the result in `ComponentTwo`, and vice-versa. We can use selectFromResult to have read just a filtered list of posts from the cache. - https://youtu.be/06yVj8pcO5cReact in One Project - https://youtu.be/0riHps91AzEReact Redux Toolkit Tutorial - https://youtu.be/EnIRyNT2PMILearn React Redux with Project - https://youtu.be/0W6i5LYKCSIWhat is Redux ? Inside of onCacheEntryAdded, we create a real Websocket connection to localhost. We've already seen that we can get the entire list of posts with useGetPostsQuery() and then transform it in the component, such as sorting inside of a useMemo. As a final step, we can do some additional cleanup here - the postsSlice is no longer being used, so that can be removed entirely. RTK Query is a powerful data fetching and caching tool. By specifying a plain 'Post' tag in getPosts and invalidating it in addNewPost, we actually end up forcing a refetch of all individual posts as well. The onQueryStarted method can be used for optimistic updates. So far, all of our query endpoints have simply stored the response data from the server exactly as it was received in the body. // an error occurred, but we still want to refetch this query when `{ type: 'Posts', id: 'LIST' }` is invalidated. As an example, say that we have an API slice with getTodos and getTodo endpoints, and our components make the following queries: Each of these query results would include a Todo object that looks like {id: 1}. RTK Query takes a more centralized approach to this and requires you to configure the invalidation behavior in your API service definition. Time to get to the crux of this tutorial, which is learning how to use React - Query in a project to fetch and mutate data from an API. Endpoints can define an onQueryStarted function that will be called when a request starts, and we can run additional logic in that handler. Config API Reference importBaseApiFrom With RTK Query, a mutation does not contain a semantic distinction between 'loading' and 'fetching' in the way that a query does. With that said, we might still need an async action if we dont want our logic to depend on a single endpoint, and be more generic (e.g., bootstrapping a page with some requests). This example dispatches a setCredentials action to store the user and token information. In this section, we'll continue migrating our example app to use RTK Query for the other data types, and see how to use some of its advanced features to simplify the codebase and improve user experience. There may still be regular reducers in apps that fully leverage RTKQ (non createApi reducers). At this point, apiSlice and extendedApiSlice are the same object, but it can be helpful to refer to the extendedApiSlice object instead of apiSlice here as a reminder to ourselves. One after the other, so that I can make use of both isLoading properties. By default, unused data is removed from the cache after 60 seconds, but this can be configured in either the root API slice definition or overridden in the individual endpoint definitions using the keepUnusedDataFor flag, which specifies a cache lifetime in seconds. This Promise will resolve when the request returns, and either fulfill or reject based on the request. Compared to popular alternatives like React-Query, the main strength of RTK Query is its default integration with the redux store. In short: More information about these can be found here. Its important to know that createApi is just an abstraction level over RTKs createSlice(which in itself abstracts createReducer+createAction). However, if all the endpoints are consistently providing the same tags (such as {type: 'Todo', id: 1}), then invalidating that tag will force all the matching endpoints to refetch their data for consistency. In this case, we always need user data, so we can skip unsubscribing. We'll use that capability to implement a more realistic approach to managing notifications. So, this would result in three separate copies of this Todo being cached in the Redux store. We're going to repurpose this slice to instead store "metadata" objects that describe the read/unread status. With that, we've finished converting our application over to use RTK Query! If we inspect the API slice object, it includes an endpoints field, with one endpoint object inside for each endpoint we've defined. The UI switches over to show , but this time there's no network request for the individual post. select() takes a cache key as its argument, and this must be the same cache key that you pass as an argument to either the query hooks or the initiate() thunk. -To add a new post to the database, make a POST request with the form data to the server. That means you can change it as you like and see the new result. For a mutation, subsequent calls are not assumed to be necessarily related, so a mutation is either 'loading' or 'not loading', with no concept of 're-fetching'. We can optimize re-renders by only returning the specific fields needed by this component - if we don't need the rest of the metadata flags, we could omit them entirely. RTK Query query not refetching after mutation. If the timer expires before any new subscriptions for the data are added, RTK Query will remove that data from the cache automatically, because the app no longer needs the data. When we save the edited post this time, we should see two requests happen back-to-back: Then, if we click back to the main "Posts" tab, we should also see: Because we provided the relationships between the endpoints using tags, RTK Query knew that it needed to refetch the individual post and the list of posts when we made that edit and the specific tag with that ID was invalidated - no further changes needed! When using fixedCacheKey, the originalArgs property is not able to be shared and will always be undefined. It needs to read the original Post entry from the store, use that to initialize the component state to edit the fields, and then send the updated changes to the server. It's common for clients to need to extract pieces of data from the server response, or to transform the data in some way before caching it. In this scenario, a post is fetched with useQuery, and then an EditablePostName component is rendered that allows us to edit the name of the post. import { createApi, fetchBaseQuery } from "@reduxjs/toolkit . That will be useful when we try to use this data in the UI. You should see a GET request to /posts as we fetch the initial data. For getPosts we can do that by using a default argument array value to map over, and for getPost we're already returning a single-item array based on the argument ID. One option would be to extract the responseData.post field and store that in the cache, instead of the entire body. The first is the cache key arg that was passed when the request started. With that in place, let's update to use this mutation. Next Steps This example only. We've added a transformResponse option to the getUsers endpoint. When we opened the component again, RTK Query saw that it did not have the data in cache and refetched it. Mutation endpoints are defined by returning an object inside the endpoints section of createApi, and defining the fields using the build.mutation() method. Let's start by taking a look at the code for the useGetTodos.js file. The "mutation result" is an object containing properties such as the latest data for the mutation request, as well as status booleans for the current request lifecycle state. It generates actions that can be caught by other reducers, thunks, and even Redux DevTools, which is very convenient. In this video we will explore the Redux Toolkit RTK Query and Mutations in detail with example. RTK. Originally, we only tracked reactions on the client side and did not persist them to the server. That way, we can still have a single API slice with a single middleware and cache reducer, but we can move the definition of some endpoints to other files. We added an "API slice" to our Redux store, defined "query" endpoints to fetch posts data, and a "mutation" endpoint to add a new post. The adapter.getSelectors() function needs to be given an "input selector" so it knows where to find that normalized data. Also, if we update the cache immediately, the user gets instant feedback when they click the button instead of having to wait for the response to come back. Unlike the useQuery hook, the useMutation hook doesn't execute automatically. TLDR; In this post, Ill address the main questions and concerns that fellow developers in my group brought up since we started using RTK Query in our newer apps. For more info, check out: Usage Without React Hooks. Let's see this in action! There are several reasons for this: In comparison, we just normalized the response data for the getUsers endpoint, in that it's being stored as an {[id]: value} lookup table. Once we have that initial selectUsersResult selector, we can replace the existing selectAllUsers selector with one that returns the array of users from the cache result, and then replace selectUserById with one that finds the right user from that array. For more details on using RTK Query, see the RTK Query usage guide docs and API reference. This approach of updating client state right away is called an "optimistic update", and it's a common pattern in web apps. Internally, RTK Query keeps a reference counter of active "subscriptions" to each endpoint + cache key combination. Any useMutation hooks with the same fixedCacheKey string will share results between each other If we reload the page, all of our user-related display is broken because the state.users slice has no data. However, in this case we're only dealing with the "result" value that is kept in the cache. // if you actually want the payload or to catch the error. If you are just concerned about how quickly we find ourselves using many hooks in one component (that uses multiple kinds of data/mutations), you can easily extract all of the hooks calls to a separate custom hook. It's worth stepping back for a minute to discuss what we just did further. In that case, you can make a sub-selection of fields for that object. However, RTK Query saves each query result independently in the cache. Internally, RTK Query keeps a reference counter of active "subscriptions" to each endpoint + cache key combination. It takes three arguments: the name of the endpoint to update, the same cache key value used to identify the specific cached data, and a callback that updates the cached data. Our selectUserById selector currently has to loop over the cached array of users to find the right User object. We should use the API object (RTK Query exports createApi) to query/mutate any exposed API endpoint that the app needs. As long as 1+ subscribers for the data are still active, the cache entry is kept alive. Now click "Edit Post" inside the single post page. Here's my api definition. The entire component was grayed out, because we just refetched the entire list of posts in response to that one post being updated. For more info, check out: Defining an API slice. RTK Query is an experimental library from the Redux team with the main purpose of fetching and caching data for your web app. To run a mutation you have to call the trigger function returned as the first tuple value from the hook. // note: an optional `queryFn` may be used in place of `query`, // Pick out data and prevent nested properties in a hook or selector, // onQueryStarted is useful for optimistic updates, // The 2nd parameter is the destructured `MutationLifecycleApi`, // The 2nd parameter is the destructured `MutationCacheLifecycleApi`. In this case, our mounted and requested that individual Post by ID. There's two cases when new notification entries are received: when we fetch the initial list over HTTP, and when we receive an update pushed over the Websocket connection. It still returns an array of the values from the normalized state, but we're changing the name since the items themselves have changed. // `updateQueryData` requires the endpoint name and cache key arguments, // so it knows which piece of cache state to update, // The `draft` is Immer-wrapped and can be "mutated" like in createSlice, // create a websocket connection when the cache subscription starts, // wait for the initial query to resolve before proceeding. RTK Query is "designed to simplify common cases for loading data in a web application.". But, the component mounted right away and subscribed to the same Post data with the same cache key. Check out the PostDetail component for an example of Class Component usage. To illustrate this process, let's switch the getUsers endpoint to be injected in usersSlice.js, instead of defined in apiSlice.js. injectEndpoints() mutates the original API slice object to add the additional endpoint definitions, and then returns it. Enter RTK Query. Mutating data (create/update/delete) and syncing the changes from the server with the cache. RTK Query is a powerful data fetching and caching tool. For now we're going to comment out those selectors from the usersAdapter - we're going to make another change later that switches back to using those. React CRUD example with Redux Toolkit, RTK Query & REST API We will build RTK Query endpoints to make CRUD operations against a RESTful API server.

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rtk query mutation example

rtk query mutation example