constructal law criticism

This law accounts for a natural tendency in time (from existing flow configurations, to easier flowing configurations). He was cited for "his pioneering contributions to modern thermodynamics and "Constructal Law" - a law of physics that predicts natural design and its evolution in biology, geophysics, climate change, technology, social organization, evolutionary design and development, wealth and sustainability". (a) Artificial Because in the second movie the erosion property of the seepage medium (the velocity threshold needed to remove one grain) is uniform, the dendritic flow structure that emerges is symmetric. This poses a challenge to proponents of constructal theory, as illustrated by Weinbergs willingness to both accept and dismiss chaos theory: The existence of chaos does not mean that the behavior of a system is somehow not completely determined by the laws of motion and gravitation and its initial conditions but only that as a practical matter we can not calculate how some things evolve., Suggesting that reconciling the standard model with the rich asymmetries in Nature is merely a matter of historical accidents, and being able to compute the calculations, may seem misguided. The imperfect component makes the whole animal or vehicle the least imperfect that it can be. Empirically, the average number of tributaries (daughter channels, RB) is between 3 and 5. First was the proposal to recognize that there is a universal phenomenon not covered by the first law and the second law. This correlation is meant broadly speaking, because the broad view is the key to discovering the pattern, in spite of the obvious and overwhelming diversity (random effects, local geographical variation, winds, atmospheric humidity). In the section titled The constructal law versus the second law of thermodynamics they noted that the constructal law and the second law are first principles. Greater flow access means that laminar shear is preferred at short times, and eddies at longer times. Greater flow access calls for a mechanism that is more effective at long times: convection (streams). That phenomenon is the generation of configuration, or the generation of design in nature. All the other phenomena of physics (i.e. Negative attitudes can create hostile environments. Research has shown that criticism can increase the motivation and engagement of the receiver when given constructively. The phenomenon and principle of configuration generation and evolution is what the constructal law brings to thermodynamics. Because the flowing Earth is a constructal heat engine, its flow configuration has evolved towards paths that generate less irreversibility. The entropy of the system (S) is an extensive thermodynamic property of the system (an inventory) that is constant because of the steady state. The constructal law is a useful reminder not only of what was missing in physics and thermodynamics (the law of design and evolution) but also of what is present. The engine part evolves in time towards generating more power (or less dissipation), and as a consequence, the brake part evolves towards more dissipation. Employees that are chronically late or absent may struggle to self-organize and may already be aware that it's an issue. By trivial and unimportant details, Hawking was referring such natural phenomena as mountains, rivers, trees, species including ours, who won WWII, and why Madonna was pictured on the cover of Cosmopolitan. The mathematization of the second law statement (and of thermodynamics) came later. Shape and structure in nature are in a constant process of evolution to facilitate flow, allowing more current to move faster and farther per unit of energy consumed. Here are the most common examples: The list goes on. Here is an example of constructive criticism for a negative attitude: "I wanted to follow up on some recent observations. The flowing Earth (with all its engine + brake components, rivers, fish, turbulent eddies, etc.) They are contradictory (mutually exclusive), and in many cases they speak of apples and oranges. A discussion around the missed deadlines provides an opportunity for learning and professional growth. Poorly delivered feedback typically results in a dismissive and defensive attitude and long-term effects may include decreased motivation and engagement with future feedback. These derived statements are theorems, not laws. This agrees with all observations of transition in jets, wakes, plumes, shear layers and boundary layers in forced and natural convection (Bejan 2000, 2006). In this review, we draw attention to the constructal law, which places the occurrence of design and pattern in nature on the basis of a law of physics. Create a new article. Gravity and uncertainty alone cannot explain the rich and predictable hierarchical patterns we see throughout nature, at all scales. Missed deadlines can indicate disorganization or issues with time management. The power generated by muscles and motors is ultimately and necessarily dissipated by rubbing against the environment. The constructal law states that the evolution of flow structures in nature has a tendency to facilitate flow. But the bias and blindspots in premiere physics institutions demonstrate a tendency to ignore such matters, casually writing it off as complexity, chaos, or trivial and unimportant. In 1996, Bejan stated the constructal theory as "for a finite-size flow system to persist in time (to live) its configuration must evolve in such a way that provides greater and greater access to the currents that flow through it" [4]. Such multi-scale flow structures are anticipated based on the constructal law (Lorente & Bejan 2006). In sum, the constructal law shows that there is no conflict between minimum entropy generation (biology, engineering) and maximum entropy generation (geophysics), why each statement seems to work in its limited ad hoc domain, and why the constructal law is general (Reis & Bejan 2006). constructal, thermodynamics, animate design, inanimate design, technology evolution, human and machine species, Design is flow: the physics phenomenon of generation of configuration unifies and facilitates the circuit executed by water in nature (, Every flow component of the Earth functions as an engine that drives a brake (, The emergence and evolution of river basins of all sizes illustrate the natural phenomenon summarized by the constructal law. When the flow stops, the natural drawing becomes a flow fossil (e.g. Sensitivity by definition is the equilibrium warming at the surface that occurs per unit change in radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere, not at the surface. Why do animals and rivers have scaling laws? The avoiding of strangulations in the flow of stresses is synonymous with the natural phenomenon of generation of mechanical strength (cf. not to the inverse relation between viscosity and temperature). No flow system is destined to end up in a certain configuration at long times (Bejan & Lorente 2004). The constructal law governs how the system emerges and persists: by generating a flow architecture that distributes imperfections River basins evolve in time, and generate their area-to-point dendritic architectures in accordance with the constructal law. Figure3 illustrates this scaling by using all the known flyers (insects, birds, airplanes). Irrefutable evidence in support of this analogy is how all these packs of biological matter have morphed and spread over larger areas, depths and altitudes, in this remarkable sequence in time: fish in water, walking fish and other animals on land, flying animals in the atmosphere, human and machine species in the air, and human and machine species in outer space and not in the opposite time direction. That principle is the Constructal Law. . This constructal forest of multi-scale trees reveals a Zipf distribution of tree sizes versus tree rank, and tree sizes versus numbers of trees of the same size. The second law accounts for irreversibility, or the generation of entropy. Bejan's theory, constructal law, has the ability to increase the rate of the heat transfer significantly. Furthermore, and contrary to prevailing dogma (namely that a neutrally buoyant swimmer has nothing to do with gravity), in swimming the penalty of fighting gravity (W1) is as important as the penalty of fighting drag. The principle (the tendency) that generates the evolving flow configurations is deterministic, and not random. This stream of heat is converted partially into mechanical power delivered to the wheels (W), while the remainder (QL or QH W) is dissipated into the environment. The theory is based on what Professor Adrian Bejan of Duke University describes as Constructal Law: For a finite-size flow system to persist in time (to live), it must evolve with freedom in such a way that it provides easier access to the imposed currents that flow through it. motorized vehicles of water mass, which spread and mix the Earth like the eddies in the ocean and the atmosphere. Needles grow at constant speed parallel to themselves. We answer these seemingly unrelated questions by invoking one principle: the constructal law. From this extreme generality stems the power and permanence of thermodynamics in physics. They are dendritic like the lungs and the river basins, but what flows through the solid is not obvious. Bejan has responded to this criticism by noting that the constructal law is not about what flows, but about the physics phenomenon of how any flow system acquires its evolving configuration (design) in time. It is important to note that the second law does not proclaim the minimization or maximization of entropy generation. Before the constructal law, these two kinds of natural design were thought to be unrelated, foreign to each other, like the disciplines and faculties of physics and biology in the university organization. In time, existing patterns (black channels on white areas with seepage) are replaced by patterns that flow more easily. The best organ is not the one recommended by the thermodynamics of the organ alone: that would be infinitely large. Read our Cookie Policy for more details. It does so based on a physical law of nature that is predictable and measurable. Employees may avoid collaboration due to low confidence. We relied solely on the constructal law in order to discover all the main features of plants, from root and canopy to forest (Bejan & Lorente 2008; Bejan et al. Buy books about Nature & Science from Boffins Books. of everything) have this unifying power. Constructive criticism is actionable, clear, and beneficial to the recipient. Is there anything I can do to assist you in getting back on track? Ambiguous comments can leave the recipient unaware of the whole problem and, therefore, unaware of the proper steps to improve it. They continue to be used because they work in a predictive sense, ad hoc, here and there. The dendritic structure of the snowflake makes it easier for the heat currents to flow from small areas to the entire volume (Bejan 1997). The 4 Lessons Every (Good) Scientist Must Learn. Positive reinforcement can also help prevent them from relapsing back into old routines. A 2020 study shows that negative feedback that focuses on past mistakes isnt as efficient. The different fields are not only separated by the tools of their respective trades, but also by institutional inhibitors to cross-pollination of ideas between fields such as thermodynamics and contemporary physics based largely on quantum mechanics. In the 2020 NYTimes best seller, The End of Everything (Astrophysically Speaking), cosmologist and theoretical astrophysicist Katie Mack explains Our universe is changing, and weve only just begun to develop the theories and observations to understand exactly how. She goes on to exquisitely describe what we know about the universe, how we know it, and what she calls the forces that govern its evolution. Yet the constructal law, which governs the evolution of flow systems such as the universe and everything in it, is not referenced or acknowledged. Constructal law of design and evolution: Physics, biology, technology, and society Adrian Bejan and Sylvie Lorente Citation: J. How is this flow of heat facilitated in nature? Newton believed that metals and minerals vegetated (i.e. The inset is a summary of the larger figure, and shows at a glance the alignment of the speedmass data over the 105106 kg range of body mass. To achieve this, they combine two flow mechanisms in a particular, The origin of multi-scale porous media. The heat engine is any engine. By doing so, the person giving feedback can avoid negative feelings and promote trust. The natural phenomenon is not the elimination but the distribution (better and better over time) of imperfection. These projects often ignore the fact that changing one thing in a complex system can change the whole system. vehicles and animal bodies needing propulsion). There is no taker for the W produced by the animal and vehicle. For example, if positive feedback is only given to make the negative feedback seem less severe, the positive feedback may no longer be perceived as genuine appreciation but rather as a prelude to bad feedback. The component destroys less exergy when it is larger. The second and third movies are reproduced in every frame when the erosion simulation process is repeated on the same basis, with the same geological erosion characteristics. When you need to have a conversation involving examples of behavior that needs to change instead of just general observations. Instead, the earth engine must dissipate through air, water and solid (rocks) friction and other irreversibilities (e.g. When addressing this concern, highlight that you are impressed by their skills and feel that they could offer value by sharing those skills with other team members. This is why the maximum body force of a swimmer is twice its body weight (F 2 gM), and why the useful energy spent per distance swum is proportional to the body weight (Mg) (Bejan & Marden 2006a,b; Charles & Bejan 2009). it must be strong mechanically). On the background of this complexity in demands and functionality, two flows stand out. These cookies dont store any personal information, at the same time they are based on a unique identifier of your browser and devices. First was the proposal to recognize that there is a universal phenomenon not covered by the first law and the second law. The reason Ive taken up these studies is because I believe it may be possible to reconcile a theory of constructal mechanics with both quantum mechanics and general relativity. The movement of animalsthe flow of animal mass on Earthis analogous to other moving and mixing designs such as the turbulent eddies in rivers, oceans and the atmosphere. In order to advance horizontally, the animal body must lose in two ways, vertically, by overcoming gravity (W1), and horizontally, by overcoming drag (W2). As Professor Bejan further explains it: The person you're giving feedback to may disagree with you. The same holds for our vehicles, on land, in air and in water. Other examples are in figure1: the flow of water in the form of animate and inanimate flow systems with configuration. In 2018 he was awarded the Benjamin Franklin Medal for his work in thermodynamics and constructal theory, which predicts natural design and its evolution in engineering, scientific, and social systems.. Dont make general comments. Bejan also noted that the phenomenon governed by the constructal law (design in nature) is macroscopic (finite size, not infinitesimal). Animals do this clearly, based on rule (viii): the exergy used equals the moved weight (Mg) times the horizontal displacement (L). This prediction is crucial because it means that the apparent diversity and randomness are consistent with and predictable from the constructal law. The constructal law states that For a finite-size system to persist in time (to live), it must evolve in such a way that it provides easier access to the imposed currents that flow through it, but there is neither a mention of what these currents are nor an explicit definition of what providing easier access means.

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constructal law criticism

constructal law criticism