roman province of armenia

I was born in Izmir in 1986 and fell in love with the beauties of nearby Ephesus ancient city during a school trip when I was around 9. [95][96][97]:98[98] These events are traditionally commemorated yearly on 24 April, the Armenian Christian martyr day. In the meantime, the Caucasus tribes fought against the Armenians, which gave the legions III Gallica, VI Ferrata and X Fretensis a chance to start a siege of Artaxata (now Yerevan) - one . 2018: Early Indo-European languages, Anatolian, Tocharian and Indo-Iranian", "ArcImaging (Archeological Imaging Research Consortium)", "Information about Armenia on nationalgeographic.com", "The Holy City and the Mother Church of St. Etchmiadzin", "Armenian alphabet, pronunciation and language", "Byzantium and Its Influence on Neighboring Peoples", "Russian Armenia. [101], The GeorgianArmenian War was a border war fought in 1918 between the Democratic Republic of Georgia and the First Republic of Armenia over the then disputed provinces of Lori and Javakheti which had been historically bi-cultural Armenian-Georgian territories, but were largely populated by Armenians in the 19th century. . [2] Hasan Glday - Full Time Tour Guide \ Turkey Specialist. Vol. Under Nero, the Romans fought a campaign (5563) against the Parthian Empire, which had invaded the kingdom of Armenia, allied to the Romans. [16] Under the Orontids, Armenia during this era was a satrapy of the Persian Empire, and after its disintegration (in 330 BC), it became an independent kingdom. United and Romanized, through conquest, or absorbed through its culture, Rome still stands today as a legacy to the achievement of mankind, and its failures. In Lesser Armenia, Armenian culture was intertwined with both the European culture of the Crusaders and with the Hellenic culture of Cilicia. The country was seized later by Tigranes II The Great of Armenia (83); he ruled until his defeat by Pompey, who ended years of anarchy by making Syria a Roman province (64-63). [17][18][19], The Shulaveri-Shomu culture of the central Transcaucasus region is one of the earliest known prehistoric cultures in the area, carbon-dated to roughly 60004000 BC. Sarduri made Tushpa (modern Van) the capital of Urartu. They mixed with local inhabitants after arriving from Asia Minor over the previous 2 centuries, and formed their own nation at about the time the Greeks first gave notice. Only in 114 was Emperor Trajan able to conquer and incorporate it as a short-lived Roman province. However, the country was briefly occupied by the Roman emperor Trajan between 114 and 117 CE. In return, they received their royal insignia, including red shoes, from the emperor. From 95 to 55 BC Tigranes slowly expanded Armenian influence while Mithridates took advantage of Roman political strife and extended his Kingdom deep into Asia Minor and across the Bosporus into Thracia and Greece. Each of the aforementioned nations and tribes participated in the ethnogenesis of the Armenian people. Positioned dead center between all the powers of the ancient world, it was often ruled, at least in part by several different nations at a time. However, later Sultans, such as Abdul Hamid II stopped the reforms and carried out massacres, now known as the Hamidian massacres of 189596 leading to a failed Armenian attempt to assassinate him. As such, the People of the Book (the Christians and the Jews) had to pay an extra tax to fulfil their status as dhimmi and in return were guaranteed religious autonomy. Even though Western Armenia had already once been conquered by the Ottomans following the Peace of Amasya, Greater Armenia was eventually decisively divided between the vying rivals, the Ottomans and the Safavids, in the first half of the 17th century following the OttomanSafavid War (16231639) and the resulting Treaty of Zuhab under which Eastern Armenia remained under Persian rule, and Western Armenia remained under Ottoman rule. The Georgians offered a quadripartite conference comprising Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and the Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus in order to resolve the issue. Armenia province existed in between 114118. "[43], From Pompeius' campaign Armenia was, for the next few centuries, contested between Rome and Parthia/Sassanid Persia on the other hand. With the annexation of the ancient kingdom of Armenia by emperor Trajan all of modern day Armenia will have become part of the empire. It established a church that today exists independently of both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches, having become so in 451 after having rejected the Council of Chalcedon. [70], Although the native Bagratuni dynasty was founded under favourable circumstances, the feudal system gradually weakened the country by eroding loyalty to the central government. Roman Provinces Armenia Armenia The ancient region of Armenia occupied the bulk of the lower Caucasus mountain region, east of modern Turkey, between the Black and Caspian Seas. It was destroyed in 1374 by the forces of Mamluk Empire, after their conquest of Armenia. As a Roman province Armenia was administered along with Cappadocia by Catilius Severus of the gens Claudia. It covered Hispania and the westernmost province of Roman Africa: Baetica Baleares (the mediterranean islands) Carthaginiensis Tarraconensis Gallaecia (Portugal, north of the Douro river and Galicia/Spain) Lusitania, Portugal (south of the Douro river) and neighbouring parts of Spanish Extremadura In its aftermath, the satraps were stripped of their sovereignty and their rights of hereditary succession, being in effect reduced to the status of tax-paying and imperially-administered civitates stipendariae. [12] In 538, the Armenian nobles rose up against heavy taxation, but were defeated and forced to find refuge in Persia. In 1604, Shah Abbas I pursued a scorched-earth campaign against the Ottomans in the Ararat valley during the OttomanSafavid War (16031618). That agreement was to accompany the return of most Armenian-occupied Azerbaijani territories around Nagorno-Karabakh and the lifting of the Azerbaijani and Turkish blockades of Armenia. Early 20th-century scholars suggested that the name "Armenia" may have possibly been recorded for the first time on an inscription which mentions Arman (or Armnum) together with Ibla, from territories conquered by Naram-Sin (2300 BC) identified with an Akkadian colony in the current region of Diyarbekir; however, the precise locations of both Armani and Ibla are unclear. In the late 1980s, Armenia was suffering from pollution. written by Carole Raddato Just a short walk from the Pantheon in Rome, in Piazza di Pietra, are the majestic remains of the Temple of the deified Hadrian (Hadrianeum) built by Antoninus Pius, Hadrian's adopted son and successor. At the same time, a western portion of the kingdom split as a separate state under Zariadris, which became known as Lesser Armenia while the main kingdom acquired the name of Greater Armenia. Peace between Armenia and Azerbaijan was reached, albeit temporarily. Despite his successes though, mutinies within the legions forced his recall just a few years later, and Pompey the Great replaced him. Armenia was in frequent dispute between the two empires and their candidates for the Armenian throne, a situation which lasted until the emergence of a new power, the Sasanians. Roman territory extended to ca. From that point on the Hellenization of Armenia that had begun centuries before continued to flourish and the nation was tied ever closer to Rome. This too was organized as a province in early 116, when coins were minted to celebrate the fact. [33] Armenia is possibly connected to Mannaea, which may be identical to the region of Minni mentioned in The Bible. The new borders gave Armenia access to the Black Sea and awarded large portions of the eastern provinces of the Ottoman Empire to the republic. Martiros Kavoukjian, "The Genesis of Armenian People", Montreal, 1982. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, 1915. Pompey completed the campaigns of Lucullus with rousing completeness, bringing all of Asia Minor (roughly incorporating modern Turkey), Syria and the Palestine under roman hegemony. [1] This invariably led to war, since it was Rome, and not Parthia who held the right of Armenian succession. (In Italian), "Note sull'anzianit di servizio nel lessico della legislazione imperiale romana", https://web.archive.org/web/20060409205643/http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-dgra/, Numidia (divided as Cirtensis and Militiana during the Tetrarchy), List of administrative divisions by country, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_province&oldid=1113636617, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with German-language sources (de), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Scarre, Chris (1995). Following Russia's conquest of all of Qajar Iran's Caucasian territories, many Armenian families were encouraged to settle in the newly conquered Russian territories. [60], With the partition of Armenia in 387 by the Byzantines and Sassanids, the western half became part of the Byzantines known as Byzantine Armenia, while the eastern (and much larger half) became a vassal state within the Sassanid realm. [citation needed], The Armenian leadership approved an ultimatum presented to it by the Soviet plenipotentiary Boris Legran. [citation needed], On 20 September 1920, Turkish nationalist militants invaded the region of Sarikamish. [57] The Armenians greatly resented this, and as a result, a rebellion broke out with Vartan Mamikonian as the leader of the rebels. [127], On the early morning of 1 March, reportedly acting on evidence of firearms in the camp, the authorities moved in to inspect the tents set up by demonstrators. Over the next several centuries, Armenia was faced with constant political struggles from those same Persians and Byzantines and under additional threats from Arabs, Huns and Khazars. [135] After military forces joined the protests on 23 April, Sargsyan resigned his position. [55], In 40506, Armenia's political future seemed uncertain. One eye-witness, Father de Guyan, describes the predicament of the refugees thus: Unable to maintain his army on the desolate plain, Sinan Pasha was forced to winter in Van. [125], Ter-Petrosyan and his supporters accused the government of rigging the election and claimed victory;[126] beginning 20 February, he led continuous protests involving tens of thousands of his supporters in Yerevan. In 114, Emperor Trajan incorporated Armenia into the Empire, making it a full Roman province. His successor Hadrian gave up the conquests. Roman Armenia refers to the rule of parts of Greater Armenia by the Roman Empire, from the 1st century AD to the end of Late Antiquity.While Armenia Minor had become a client state and incorporated into the Roman Empire proper during the 1st century AD, Greater Armenia remained an independent kingdom under the Arsacid dynasty.Throughout this period, Armenia remained a bone of contention . As a Roman province Armenia was administered by Catilius Severus of the Gens Claudia. By nightfall, a few thousand protesters had barricaded themselves using commandeered municipal buses. In 114, he conquered Armenia, which was made into a province, and by the end of 115, he had conquered northern Mesopotamia. Although the borders of the two countries were still undefined, Azerbaijan claimed most of the territory Armenia was sitting on, demanding all or most parts of the former Russian provinces of Elizavetpol, Tiflis, Yerevan, Kars and Batum. Armies sent in pursuit of the Shah in 1605 were defeated, and by 1606 Abbas had regained all of the territory lost to the Turks earlier in his reign. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1907. [76] As they were hostile towards the Seljuks and unfriendly to the Byzantines, the Armenians took kindly to the crusader count. [citation needed] He built the Erebuni Fortress, located in modern-day Yerevan, in 782 BC by using 6600 prisoners of war. "The Eastern Provinces,", This page was last edited on 2 October 2022, at 13:58. The rate of freedom of speech was considered low, even less so during secretaryship of Joseph Stalin.

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roman province of armenia

roman province of armenia